Refrigerating apparatus



L. KUHL REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Filed March 26. 1928 Q 1 LED L |NVENTDR fmm ATTIJ NEY Patented May 1928.

UNITED STATES LEO Kent, on mRLrN-cmmrrmum, GERMANY, ASSIGNOB To SIEMENS-' S GHUCKERTWERKE MANY, A. CORPORATION OI GERMANY.

AKTIENGESELLSCHAIT,- or nrmnm-smunussranr, GER- mmIncrease.rive nrranarus;

Application til ed March 26, 1928, Serial No. 264,618, and in Germany November 1.4, 1924.

I Have filed an application in Germany, on November 14, 1924, Patent No. 447,542. This invention relates to arefrigerating apparatus. The primary object of this inventionis to 7 provide a refrigerating apparatus WhlCh 1ssuitable for household use, for cooling-eat-- ables, drinks and the like. Of course, it will be obvious 0 arrangement might be utilized in other devices and for other purposes.

Other objects and particular features of this invention will appear from thefollowing descriptiontaken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the several views. 4 Figure 1 isa vertical sectionalview of a device representing one form of my inven-' tion; 1 Fig. 2 represents a'modified form of my invention; Fig. 3' is a (plan'view of Fig. '1, the cover being remove v Fig. 4 is a being remove Fig. 5 is an elevation drawing of the device shown in Fig. 1 'in connection with a cooling means for thefbinary mixture during the refrigerating period. c

With-reference to the drawing, which is a'more or less diagrammatic illustration of this invention, attention is first directed to (plan view of 2, the cover Fig. 1 in'which 10 represents a cylindrical.

vessel which carries a solution of water and ammonia or other suitable binary mixture indicated by 11. A smaller cylindrical ves-- sel 12 is nested and enclosed therein and the space between said vessels is filled with a heat insulating material 14 of any suitable character. I A artition 15 is arranged in the lower end'o vessel 10 to form a hermeti cally sealed chamber 16 for said binary mixture. g

A coil of pipe 17 is arranged within the heat insulated vessel 12 and serves alternately as a condenser and evaporator forthe refrigerant as will hereinafter more fully appear. The 4 municates with a chamber 18, preferably at some said chamber being forinedof the casing 19 which in efiect serves as a tra for the refrigerant. when in the liqui state. The' that the same constructional.

upper end of pipe coil 17 comdistance above the bottom thereof, f

lower end of pipe coil 17 leads upwards as shown at 20 and enters the chamber 18 pref erably at the bottom thereof.

Connected tov the lower end of the pipe coil 17 as shown at 21 is a pipe 22 which leads upward toa point above the upper end of pipe coil 17 as shown and'there takes a U bend as at 23 and leadsdownward and communicates with the binary mixture chamber 16 through the partition wall 15.

A conduit 24 formed bythe pipe 25, and preferably of large volume at the upper end thereof as shown at 26, and at which point communication therewith is formed with the chamber 18 through a short pipe connection- 27, leads downward through the partition wall 15 into the binary mixture chamber 16 and takes.- a right-angle bend at 28 and ex tends'diametrically across the vessel 10 and rests upon the bottom 29there0f. The con duit 24 thus-communicates with said chamber 16 through the open end of the pipe 25 at the end 30 thereof. A' lid 9 isprovided for closing the inner vessel 12.

The entire system eomprisin the chamber 16, pipe 22, pipe-20, pipe ed 17, chamber 18, pipe 27 and conduit 24 should be hermeti cally sealed to prevent leakage of the binary mixture or other refrigerant. Obviously,

some suitable opening leading into this system may be provided for introducing the.

binary mixture, but such opening must be provided with a gas-tight closure.

The operation of this device is as fol A binary mixture, for instance, water and ammonia, of suitable proportions is carried in the chamber 16 and the device is set u' on a gas burner-or other heat producing evie whichcauses the refrigerant portion, or mmonia, to be distilled therefrom and which passes up "and then down throu 22 and into the pi h the pipe. coil 17, w ere it con-.

.denses into a liquid, the pi e coil 17, of course, always being suflicient said condensation, particularly because it is heat insulated fromthe chamber lfithrough the heat, insulating material 14. The casing 12 may befilled withcold water to condense the refrigerant distilled over. After practically. all of the refrigerant substance has passed over into the" pipe coil 17 and condensed therein, the device is removed; from the gas burner and is now ready'to' y cool to cause Ice ' While in this -30 the pan 34 to keep 4 li uid state-should enter the c function as; 'a refrigerator. The article which is desired to be cooled, in this instance representedby a bottle 33 which may contam a beverage or the like, is placed within 5 the coils of pipe necessary to'maintain a moderately low'temperature in the chamber 16 and this may be accomplished by placing the devicein a pan 34 containing water as shown in Fig. -5. condition the ammonia or refrigerant in the .pipe coil '17 naturally vaporizes and expands, thereby absorbing heat units within the vessel 12 and greatly reducing the temperature therein, and passes 15 through chamber 1.8, pipe 27, conduit '24 1 and into the base solution .or water tion of the binary mixture 11 and is thereby absorbed. This action continues automatically untilpractically all the refrigerant substance in the .ipe coil17 has passed over and is absorbed y said'base'solution when .the o eration of heating the binary mixture must e repeated. -It is obvious that during the refrigerating 2 rization of the refrigerant'in the pi e coil 17 will be more or less ra 'id according to 4 the temperature maintained in the chamber 16, therefore, it may be preferable to maintain-a constant circulatiomof water through downthe temperature thereof andaccordin ly, obtain a wer temperature inthe vesse 12. F

" f for any reason thev refrigerant in its W1 drain backinto the pipe coil 17 through the pipe 20 while any gas. or vapor thereof may pass onthroug the conduit In this manner the chamber 18 serves as a trap.

. Du .the heating ordistilling operation of the bmary mixture, a certain amount of the base or'waterportion thereof 'maypass .over into the pipe; coil-17 in the form of steam andthere condense, and as-this portion-would not'naturally return to the 'chamw ber 16, occasion .may arise when it will be. necessary tojfree the pipe coil 17 from such .may be accomplished by solution.

upside-down turningthe device practically allowingall of the 'solution'to no large portion 26 of-the conduit 24, and then appropriately turning the deviceto its upr1 t drain nto thechamber 'duit 24.

A modification of in Fig.2.. Here the vessel 10 .is provided 16 through the conwith an inner casing 35 to form a chamber I} 36 which extends to the very top of the de vice. The vessel'12 'is surrounded by a was a0 ing 37 to form a chamber 38 which also extends pipe 22-inthis construction communicates leads throu e wall of casing '37 and then coil 17 as shown. It is nowperiod, the rate of evapo-- inthe form of be returned amber 18 it I so be'submerged settle in the ositionto cause all the solution tothis invention is shown .I

to the very top ofthe device. Theat a point 39 close tothe bottom thereof. a The conduit 24 in this construction is sub-- stantially the same as'that showninFig. 1 y andis in open communication with the chains- .ber. 3 8-through the pipe'cofinection 27. In-

this modificationthe chamber 38-is an e uiv- 'alento'f the chamber formed by pipe coll 17 v in Fig. 1, and obviously the operation of this device is the same as that' described with reference to Fig". '1.' However, in this modification there is no casing 19 to form a trap or chamber 18, as this. fhture is embodied 7 within the. chamber-38,1:or due to'the large volume 40 above the surface of the refrigerant there is no possibility of the refrigerant in its'liquid state passing through thep'ipe connection 27 into conduit 24 insuch quantities as to materially reduce the efliciency of the device; and further, ther'eis littlepossibilit of water or any of the base portion of the inarymixture entering'the condensing chamber 38 on account of the large volume 41in chamber '36 above the surface of" the binary mixture; and practically all of the base portion of the-binary, m1xture which rises to the upper region of the chamber 36 .steam will promptly condense before assing .throug .the pipe22' I into the cham 38. -However, 'i-f'any of the water or rtion of. the-binary mir tur'e should pass mtothe chamber 3 8 it can' y manipulat" the device in vthesame fash1onasdescri -withfreferen0e tothedeviceinFi .'1'. A further modi CitlOl'l' comprising -airloo cooling device is sh wn-in connect on with Fig.2 Here anouter cylindrical-basing 43; surrounds the vessel 10. and .is fixed thereto f through fins 44. The lower edgeof thexcas. ing 43 is scallo d-as shown at 45-to pro-flea vide openings" orair; circulation as indi'.-' catedby' the small arrows. Large surface area provided. by the fins 44 to facilitate the rapidconduction of heat "either from or to thebinaiy mixture in chamber 16, as the no case may when either heating or cobli'ng said binary. mixture. This device inightal ing the binarymlxture, as indicated' by the pan 34 and watcrshown inf-light broken.

lines in this figure however, this. is' notconsidered necessary except to-obtain a. very low temperature in the'vessel 12. i

- Having thus describedmy invention, what claim asv new and desire to -secure. by 'United "States-Letters Patent is asflfollows. I.claim:-. 1. A refrigerating: apparatus comprising an inner and an outer vessel, a partition arranged to forma binaryjmixture chamber at.

the ottom of said-outer vessel, heat insulatfing-material between the walls of said inner with the upp'erhend of the chamber 36 and artition and: the walls of there being a chamber vessel and said said outer -vesse within s aidouter. vessel to serve alternately 13o partially in water for cool as a condenser and evaporator for the refrigerant portion of said binary mixture and at least a portion of the Wall of said outer vessel beings-in direct connection with the interior of said inner vessel, a pipe forming open communication between said condenser and. evaporator chamber and said binary mixture chamber, said pipe being arranged to'open into said binary mixture .chamber'at a point above the binary mixture level and extend upward to a pointabov'e said condenser and evaporator chamber be fore opening thereinto, anda second pipe forming open communication between said condenser and evaporator chamber and said binary mixture chamber, said second pipe arranged to open into. said condenser and evaporator chamber near the upper end thereof and extend downward and open in to said binary mixture chamber at a point below the surface of the binarymixture.

. 2. A refrigerating apparatus, comprising an inner casing forming a condenser and evaporator chamber and an outer casing forming'a generating chamber, said casings into said inner casing and with the upper end being in nested relation and the bottoms of said casings being spaced from each other to form a binary mlxture chamber, a pipe' opening at one end into said mixture chamber below the liquid level therein, and a pipe having one end connected to the top oi; said mixture chamber and its other end extending in communication of, said first pipe.

3.. A refrigerating apparatus, comprising an inner casing and an outer casing, said casings being in nested relation and the bottomsof the casings being spaced from each other to form a binary mixture chamber, a

pipe coiled within said inner casing and having its lower end connected to the top of said mixture chamber, and a pipe having one end connected to said mixture chamber adjacent the bottom thereof and its other end communicating with the upper end of I said coiled pipe, g Signed at Berlin-Siemensstadt, in the Republic-of Germany, this 5th day of.March,

LEO KUHL. 

